过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体γ在分化型甲状腺癌中的表达及临床意义

2022-04-04 10:27:33 | 浏览次数:

报告分析证明PPAR-γ与PPFP功能相似,说明PPAR-γ确实能促进细胞癌变。另外,部分研究认为PPAR-γ激动剂可以抑制癌细胞生长[14],但这并不能确定PPAR-γ激动剂是受体依赖性的还是独立性的,更不能说明是PPAR-γ自身产生了抑癌效应。产生这种争议也可能是由于许多体外的试验研究并不能与体内肿瘤所处的微环境完全一致所造成。然而,本研究在分析PPAR-γ在BRAFV600E突变组和未突变组中的表达情况时发现,BRAFV600E突变组PPAR-γ阳性率(54.1%)高于BRAFV600E未突变组(35.5%),差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。该结果似乎也支持PPAR-γ作为促癌因子的观点。笔者推测可能是由于PPAR-γ活化后通过与过氧化酶增殖物反应原件PPRE相互作用进而调控相关基因的表达,一些生长调控基因如RAS、C-myc等就含有PPRE原件[19],而BRAF是RAS癌基因下游的效应器,PPAR-γ过表达与RAS基因内的PPRE原件相结合,引起RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK信号通路的紊乱,由于BRAFV600E的突变更是加剧了这一过程,导致癌的发生。因此,PPAR-γ在甲状腺肿瘤中的作用是极其复杂的,再一个可能也与PPAR-γ/PAX-8重排相关,该重排不仅发生于FTC也发生于PTC及良性甲状腺组织[20],当进行免疫组化染色时,阳性部位具体是PPAR-γ基因编码的PPAR-γ蛋白还是由PPAR-γ/PAX-8重排后表达的融合蛋白的PPAR-γ所表达的部分,其中的机制并不十分明确,所以关于PPAR-γ在甲状腺癌发生、发展中的作用以及是否可作为诊断或预后评估指标还需进一步研究确认。

然而就本研究结果来看,本研究虽未发现PPAR-γ对DTC诊断和预后评估的价值,但发现在BRAFV600E突变组的DTC中,PPAR-γ阳性率是较高的,提示PPAR-γ可能参与调控RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK信号通路,与BRAFV600E突变共同作用促进肿瘤产生,PPAR-γ有望作为治疗DTC的靶点。

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(收稿日期:2016-07-14 本文編辑:张瑜杰)

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