三氯生和三氯卡班在水产品质量安全领域的研究进展
摘要三氯生和三氯卡班是个人护理产品和家庭日常用品中使用的高效广谱抗菌剂,鉴于公众对这些化合物的健康风险和环境影响的担忧,美国FDA于2016年已禁止含有该类化合物的非处方抗菌洗护产品进入市场,这些新型污染物不断地释放到水生环境中,具有生物活性和持久性,并通过生物积累对水生生物产生毒性作用,因而引起的水产品质量安全问题开始受到全球范围内的关注。对三氯生、其环境转化产物甲基三氯生以及三氯卡班的环境浓度水平、生物积累和毒性作用机理、生物转化途径以及定性定量检测方法等方面进行了综述,并对三氯生和三氯卡班对水产品质量安全的潜在隐患进行了深入分析。该研究有助于理解三氯生和三氯卡班对水生生物的生物积累和毒性作用,以及对水产品质量安全的潜在隐患,对全面监测水产品质量安全,以及建立水产品中三氯生、甲基三氯生和三氯卡班的检测方法具有重要的科学价值。
关键词三氯生;三氯卡班;甲基三氯生;生物积累;内分泌干扰效应;检测;水产品质量安全
中图分类号X835文献标识码A
文章编号0517-6611(2019)08-0005-10
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.08.002
AbstractTriclosan(TCS) and triclocarban(TCC) have been widely used as broadspectrum antimicrobial agents in diverse applications,mostly in personal care products and household products.Due to these applications have led to the concerns regarding their human health risks and environmental impacts,FDA has issued regulations to prohibit the sales of OTC consumer antiseptic wash products containing TCS and TCC in 2016.These new type pollutants are continually released into the aquatic environment and are biologically active and persistent,and then they have toxic effects on aquatic organisms through bioaccumulation,as a result,the quality and safety issue of aquatic products has attracted attention in worldwide.In this paper,we reviewed their research progress in the field of quality and safety of aquatic products,including the environmental levels,toxicity effects,mechanism of the bioaccumulation and biotransformation and the qualitative and quantitative methods of TCS,TCC and methylTCS(MTCS) ,which was the environment transformation product of TCS.Besides,we discussed and analyzed the potential risks of TCS and TCC to quality and safety of aquatic products.This paper helps to well understand the bioaccumulation and toxicity of TCS and TCC on aquatic organisms,and potential risks to the quality and safety of aquatic products as well.It is of great scientific value to comprehensively monitor the quality and safety of aquatic products and to establish the detection methods of TCS,MTCS and TCC in aquatic products.
Key wordsTriclosan;Triclocarban;Methyl triclosan;Biological accumulation;Endocrine disrupting effect;Detection;Aquatic product quality safety
三氯生(triclosan,TCS)和三氯卡班(triclocarban,TCC)是許多家庭厨卫和个人护理产品(PCPs)中广泛使用的2种活性成分[1],常被用做杀菌添加剂[2]。随着它们的广泛使用和消费者对其安全性的质疑,2013年,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)重启了对TCS安全性和有效性的评价;2014年1月,欧盟将TCS从法规No 1223/2009附录V中删除,禁止TCS用在化妆品中使用;2016年,欧盟不批准TCS作为抗菌剂用于人类卫生产品中;美国FDA于2016年9月2日颁布禁令,要求含TCS和TCC的抗菌洗涤产品(包括液体、泡沫、手工香皂凝胶、肥皂和沐浴产品)不得进入市场[3]。由此,TCS和TCC作为新型污染物引起了全球范围广泛的关注。
推荐访问: 研究进展 水产品 领域 质量 三氯生